阿司匹林目前是全球使用最广泛的药物，并且显然已经成为20世纪最重要的药理学成就之一。医学的历史学家可以追溯到1897年，但是迷人的阿斯匹林历史实际上可以追溯到3500年前，当时苏美尔人和埃及人，然后是古希腊和罗马的伟大医师曾将柳树皮用作止痛药和退烧药。阿司匹林前体水杨酸酯的现代历史始于1763年的Reverend Stone，他首先描述了它们的解热作用，并一直持续到19世纪，许多研究人员参与了它们的提取和化学合成。拜耳化学家Felix Hoffmann于1897年合成了阿司匹林，70年后，药理学家John Vane阐明了其抑制前列腺素生成的作用机理。阿司匹林最初用作解热和消炎药，后来因其抗血小板作用而成为预防心血管和脑血管疾病的里程碑。阿司匹林的故事在今天继续发展，越来越多的证据表明它对大肠癌和其他类型的癌症具有化学预防作用，目前正在等待这种情况下正在进行的一级预防试验的结果。这篇简明扼要的评论回顾了阿司匹林的历史，重点是其最远的起源。阿司匹林的故事在今天继续发展，越来越多的证据表明它对大肠癌和其他类型的癌症具有化学预防作用，目前正在等待这种情况下正在进行的一级预防试验的结果。这篇简明扼要的评论回顾了阿司匹林的历史，重点是其最远的起源。今天，阿司匹林的故事继续发展，越来越多的证据表明它对大肠癌和其他类型的癌症具有化学预防作用，现在正在等待这种情况下正在进行的一级预防试验的结果。这篇简明扼要的评论回顾了阿司匹林的历史，重点是其最远的起源。

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The first 3500 years of aspirin history from its roots – A concise summary

Aspirin is currently the most widely used drug worldwide, and has been clearly one of the most important pharmacological achievements of the twentieth century。 Historians of medicine have traced its birth in 1897, but the fascinating history of aspirin actually dates back >3500 years, when willow bark was used as a painkiller and antipyretic by Sumerians and Egyptians, and then by great physicians from ancient Greece and Rome。 The modern history of aspirin precursors, salicylates, began in 1763 with Reverend Stone – who first described their antipyretic effects – and continued in the 19th century with many researchers involved in their extraction and chemical synthesis。

Bayer chemist Felix Hoffmann synthesized aspirin in 1897, and 70 years later the pharmacologist John Vane elucidated its mechanism of action in inhibiting prostaglandin production。 Originally used as an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug, aspirin then became, for its antiplatelet properties, a milestone in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases。 The aspirin story continues today with the growing evidence of its chemopreventive effect against colorectal and other types of cancer, now awaiting the results of ongoing primary prevention trials in this setting。 This concise review revisits the history of aspirin with a focus on its most remote origins。